Soy Protein Concentrate (SPC)
Soy protein concentrate (SPC) is a high-protein ingredient produced from dehulled soybean seeds, with a typical crude protein content of about 60–70%. During processing, most soluble carbohydrates and part of the antinutritional factors are removed, while a high-quality vegetal protein with a favorable amino acid profile (especially lysine) is retained. SPC is used as a premium protein source in animal feed and aquafeed, as an alternative or supplement to fish meal and other expensive protein ingredients. It is usually supplied as a fine powder or granules, light yellow to cream in color, with good stability and excellent technological properties for pelleting and extrusion.
Source
- Produced from dehulled soybeans after oil extraction (soybean meal) and further processing (alcohol or water washing) to remove soluble sugars and part of antinutritional substances.
- Feed grade SPC undergoes thermal treatment to inactivate trypsin inhibitors and reduce other soybean-specific antinutritional factors.
- Supplied as a dry, free-flowing powder or granulated form, stable under standard storage conditions in dry, well-ventilated warehouses.
Variations
- Alcohol-processed SPC (greater removal of soluble carbohydrates, lower levels of soluble non-protein components, suitable for high-inclusion aquafeed).
- Water-processed SPC (retains somewhat more soluble fractions, often with enhanced functional properties such as water binding and texture).
- Different protein levels (e.g. 60%, 65%, 70% CP) and particle sizes tailored for extruded fish feeds, pelleted poultry and swine feeds or premixes and high-protein concentrates.
Applications In The Industry
Aqua
In aquaculture, SPC is used as a key vegetal protein source in feeds for salmonids, tilapia, catfish, carp and other fish species. It partially replaces fish meal in high-protein extruded pellets while maintaining growth, feed conversion and gut health. Due to its reduced antinutritional factor content compared with standard soybean meal, SPC allows higher inclusion levels of plant proteins in formulations, with improved digestibility and better pellet stability in water. It is commonly used in high-performance starter and grower feeds, as well as in specialized diets (functional feeds, low fish meal formulations), where it helps optimize feed cost without major compromises in performance.
Poultry
In poultry nutrition, SPC is mainly used in high-performance diets for broilers, turkeys and specialized layer lines, as a complement to regular soybean meal when higher concentrations of highly digestible protein or lower levels of antinutritional substances are required. It is particularly useful in starter diets for chicks and poults, where the sensitive digestive tract demands high-quality, easily digestible protein and consistent growth. SPC is applied in complete feeds, premixes and protein concentrates and fits well into “antibiotic-free” and “gut health” concepts where good digestibility and low digestive stress are important. Thanks to its functional properties, SPC also improves pellet structure and reduces fines in finished feeds.
Swine
In swine nutrition, SPC is especially valued in piglet feeding during prestarter and early starter phases, when very high protein digestibility and limited antinutritional load are needed. It is used in prestarter concentrates, milk replacers (together with dairy proteins) and piglet premixes, providing high-quality amino acids and supporting stable growth and gut health after weaning. In grower-finisher feeds, SPC can be used in specialized concepts (high-performance finishers, low soybean meal formulations) where improved digestibility and consistent protein quality are targeted. Its use is typically focused on early-life stages, where benefits on average daily gain and feed conversion are most pronounced.
Benefits Of Use
- High level of high-quality, highly digestible protein with a favorable amino acid pattern, suitable for early growth stages of fish, poultry and piglets.
- Significantly reduced antinutritional factor content compared to standard soybean meal, supporting gut health and digestive comfort at higher soybean protein inclusion levels.
- Enables partial replacement of fish meal and other costly protein ingredients, with a favorable cost-performance ratio in aquaculture, poultry and swine production.
- Excellent technological properties (water binding, pellet durability, extrusion suitability) contributing to stable pellet structure and final feed quality.
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